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Petrographic Microscope Parts And Functions Pdf


Category:MicroscopesANNOUNCEMENT {#s1} ============ Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a Gram-positive human pathogen. Infections can be either superficial or invasive. Meningitis is the most severe disease, and it has high morbidity and mortality rates. Different serotypes of GAS have been identified, mainly based on biochemical and genetic markers ([@B1]). As a noninvasive bacterium, GAS can colonize the human skin and the throat. The interaction between the host and the bacterium is based on GAS-specific factors and host-specific factors ([@B2]). Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Streptococcus pyogenes strain NZ97/023/2012, an invasive M1 serotype of GAS isolated from a child patient in New Zealand. The patient presented with fever and with cellulitis, and the bacteria were isolated from a skin lesion. The genome of NZ97/023/2012 was sequenced using a Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) SMRT sequencing platform with P4-C2 chemistry and a TruSeq DNA library. The library was sequenced with seven single-molecule real-time (SMRT) cells in a 20-kb template-switching protocol, with an average sequencing depth of 41×. A total of 1,941,145 PacBio reads were trimmed with CLC Genomics Workbench (version 9.5.2; QIAGEN Bioinformatics, Hilden, Germany). CLC Genomics was also used to correct, trim, and assemble the PacBio reads. Genome assembly was conducted with the Hierarchical Genome Assembly Process 3 (HGAP3; Pacific Biosciences, Menlo Park, CA) protocol, which assembles reads from multiple subread lengths into a single continuous sequence. Sequencing, assembly, and finishing were performed at the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. The NZ97/023/2012 genome assembly was polished with Pilon version 1.22 (open-source software) ([@B3]). The NZ97/023/2012 genome was assembled into one contig with an *N*~50~ of 31,461 bp. The total number of contigs was 24, and the *N*~50~ and total size of the assembly were 31,461�



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Petrographic microscope parts and functions pdf


diver and fill to the surface of the ore. The pressure that is applied to the ore and the temperature of the medium will affect the rate at which water and minerals flow into the tube. Hockeystick effect: when the thin walled mineral rocks are crushed and the crushed rocks are placed in a solution of a strong acid (and if the atmosphere is humid enough, ), Part 2: The Parts of a Microscope Figure 1  The viewing tube is a transparent cylinder in which the specimen is placed. The tube is usually made of glass or other suitable material and has a lens at its end that brings the specimen into focus. Optical Resolution: If you have an ordinary microscope, the light that you see is focused at a small point behind the front lens, called the “objective.” When you look through the eyepiece, you see this point of light (called the “image”) at the end of the eyepiece. There are two ways that light gets focused on the objective. One is by making a larger diameter lens. This is done by making the lens thicker. The other method is to make the front lens larger. Objective: this is the lens at the front of the microscope. The objective lens must focus the light from the specimen and make it smaller so that it fits through the viewing tube. Objective lens: this is the lens in the center of the front end of the microscope.  The aperture at the back of the objective lens is the actual diameter of the objective lens. The aperture is designed to have as large a diameter as the lens allows. The other parts of the objective lens may have small apertures in them (but they are larger than the aperture of the objective lens). Objective lens aperture: this is the actual diameter of the objective lens.  The eyepiece is a single-element lens that is mounted in the front of the microscope. It is made of two or three elements. The eyepiece is designed so that its focal length is exactly the same as the distance from the microscope’s eyepiece to the microscope’s objective. Eyepiece: this is the lens that you look through at the top of the microscope. It usually has two or three elements. The eyepiece is mounted at the distance from the objective where the image comes into focus. 2. The viewing tube is a transparent tube through which









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Petrographic Microscope Parts And Functions Pdf

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